Plant Profile Cat’s Whiskers

Plant Profile Cat’s Whiskers (Orthosiphon aristatus)

Common Names: Cat’s Whiskers, Java Tea, Kidney Tea Plant
Scientific Name: Orthosiphon aristatus
Family: Lamiaceae (Mint family)
Plant Type: Herbaceous perennial

Physical Description

• Height: 0.5–1.5 metres.

• Spread: 0.5–0.8 metres.

• Leaves: Opposite, ovate leaves with serrated edges, dark green, and aromatic when crushed.

• Flowers: Long, slender, tubular flowers with extended stamens resembling cat’s whiskers. Flowers are usually white or pale purple.

• Roots: Fibrous root system.

Habitat and Distribution

• Native Range: Tropical and subtropical Asia, including Indonesia and Malaysia.

• Cultivation: Widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, including northern Australia.

• Climate Zones: Thrives in zones 9–11 (warm, frost-free climates).

Growing Conditions

• Light: Prefers full sun but tolerates partial shade.

• Soil: Grows well in fertile, well-draining soils; prefers slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0–7.0).

• Water: Requires regular watering, especially during dry spells, but avoid waterlogging.

• Temperature: Ideal temperature range is 20–30°C; sensitive to frost.

• Fertiliser: Benefits from light applications of organic fertilisers or compost during the growing season.

Uses in Permaculture

• Pollinator Plant: The distinctive flowers attract bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects.

• Medicinal Plant: Traditionally used for its diuretic properties and in herbal teas to support kidney and urinary health.

• Edge Planting: Works well as a border plant due to its compact size and visual appeal.

• Soil Health: Provides organic matter when mulched or composted, enriching the soil.

Medicinal Uses

• Diuretic Properties: Cat’s Whiskers is widely used in traditional medicine for promoting kidney and urinary tract health. Its diuretic effect helps flush out toxins and reduce fluid retention.

• Anti-inflammatory: Contains compounds that may help reduce inflammation, making it useful for treating conditions like arthritis.

• Antioxidant Benefits: Rich in antioxidants, it supports overall health by combating oxidative stress.

• Digestive Support: Often used to relieve digestive issues such as bloating and indigestion.

• Herbal Tea: Dried leaves are brewed into a tea known as "Java Tea," commonly consumed for its health benefits, particularly in Southeast Asia.

Companion Planting

• Good Companions:

  • Basil (Ocimum basilicum): Shares similar water and sunlight requirements and attracts pollinators.

  • Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus): Complements with contrasting texture and aromatic properties.

  • Marigold (Tagetes spp.): Adds pest-repellent properties to the garden.

• Avoid Planting With: Plants that prefer drier conditions, as Cat’s Whiskers needs consistent moisture.

Propagation

• Seeds:

  • Sow seeds in a well-draining seed-raising mix; germination occurs within 2–4 weeks.

  • Keep moist and in a warm, sunny location.

• Cuttings:

  • Take semi-hardwood cuttings 10–12 cm long.

  • Dip in rooting hormone and plant in moist soil or a propagating mix.

  • Roots develop within 2–4 weeks.

Seasonal Care

• Spring (September–November):

  • Plant seeds or cuttings when the soil warms.

  • Apply a layer of compost or organic fertiliser to promote growth.

• Summer (December–February):

  • Ensure consistent watering during hot, dry periods.

  • Deadhead spent flowers to encourage continuous blooming.

• Autumn (March–May):

  • Prune back to maintain shape and encourage new growth.

  • Mulch heavily to protect roots and retain soil moisture.

• Winter (June–August):

  • Protect from frost using covers or by moving potted plants indoors.

  • Reduce watering during cooler months.

Pests and Diseases

• Common Pests:

  • Aphids, whiteflies, and spider mites. Manage with neem oil sprays or insecticidal soap.

• Diseases:

  • Root rot in poorly drained soils. Prevent by ensuring proper drainage and avoiding overwatering.

  • Powdery mildew during humid conditions. Improve airflow and apply organic fungicides if needed.

Harvesting and Storage

• Harvesting:

  • Harvest leaves and flowers as needed for teas or herbal remedies. Use scissors to avoid damaging the plant.

  • Best harvested in the morning when essential oils are most concentrated.

• Storage:

  • Air-dry leaves in a shaded, well-ventilated area.

  • Store dried leaves in airtight containers away from direct sunlight.

Special Considerations

• Invasiveness: Not typically invasive but may self-seed in optimal conditions.

• Aesthetic Value: Attractive flowers make it a great addition to ornamental and functional garden designs.

• Cultural Significance: Widely used in traditional medicine, particularly in Southeast Asia, for kidney and liver support.

----------------------------------------------

About the Author

Doreen Jachmann from Nourished Landscapes has been providing permaculture services for over 10 years.

Doreen is passionate about helping people create sustainable and resilient landscapes.

Nourished Landscapes offer a variety of services, including:

* Permaculture design and installation

* Permaculture education, presentations and workshops

* Permaculture consulting

If you are interested in learning more about permaculture, please contact us today!